مفهوم التوبة بين الصوفية والـمعتزلة وموقف أهل السُنة منهم

The title of the research is “The station of repentance between the Sufis and the Mu’tazila and the position of the Sunnis towards them.” I believe that the first virgin, tender words are the ones that take the research and touch its aspects as if she were the tender mother, because repentance is the real beginning of the right path, and if there is a backwardness and deviation from this path, the Repentance represents a correction in the middle of the road. As for the end of the road, you find the place of repentance in it, as the firm, firm feet that make a person smell the breezes and winds of Paradise, and a glimmer of light in the heart makes the person’s vision of his Creator possible.
If the position of repentance is correct, and the servant descends into this position, he will be able to distinguish what he has and what he owes. Let him gather his determination and determination to go down in it and roll to death. Also, repentance is the reality of the religion of Islam, and all religion is included in the name of repentance, and thus the repentant deserves to be the beloved of God. God loves those who repent and love those who purify themselves. But God loves those who do what he commanded and leave what he prohibited. Repentance is the first station of those who walk, and the first station of those who seek, so its reality in the Arabic language is: to return. Repentance is the gateway to returning to God Almighty, leaving all sins, big and small, regretting their actions and resolving not to return to them.
Repentance according to the sheikhs of Sufism is knowledge and action to the extent that Dhul-Nun al-Masry believes that the sciences are three: the first of which is the science of repentance, and before it is the general and specific knowledge. Repentance is a return and then immersion in obedience. Thus, the accepted repentance is the one that is coupled with the action, and therefore committing a mistake is ugly and reprehensible, and the return from error to truth is good and commendable, and this is the repentance of the general public, for stability with righteousness is a pause and a veil. Returning from the right to the correct is commendable in the rank of the people of determination, and this is the repentance of the elite, and it is impossible for the elite to repent of disobedience. The fear of the knower when he obeys him is more severe than his fear of opposing him, because he inherits from disobedience: regret, repentance, and return to it. And it inherits from obedience hypocrisy and arrogance.” Repentance according to the Sufi sheikhs is self-discipline and reform, so the repentant repents from his repentance.
Keywords: Repentance, Awab, Munib, Mu'tazila, Sufis, Ahl al-Sunnah, repentance is an obligation, repentance is continuous, repentance is science and action.