القيم بين الفلسفة الإسلامية والفلسفات الوضعية: دراسة مقارنة

The study aimed to provide a comparative study of values between Islamic philosophy and positivist philosophies. To achieve this goal, the fundamentalist and descriptive approaches were used. The study included a general framework that included its introduction, problem, questions, objectives, importance, method, terminology, and previous studies, then a conceptual framework consisting of six axes. The first axis dealt with the features of values. The most prominent classifications in Islamic philosophy. The second axis presented the most prominent classifications of values in positive philosophies. The third axis presented the most prominent features of values in idealistic philosophy. The fourth axis revealed the most prominent features of values in realist philosophy. The fifth axis dealt with the most prominent features of values in pragmatic philosophy. Select the axis. The sixth is the most prominent features of philosophical values in existentialism, with an explanation of the aspects of comparison between values in positivist philosophies, then a conclusion with the most prominent results and recommendations. Among the most prominent results of the study were the following: Islamic values stem from the sources of Islam and the reality of the Islamic vision of man, the universe, and life, as it was conceived and not Only from the individual and society, and the multiplicity of classifications of values in Islam does not mean that they are separate from each other, because they are interconnected and integrated in order to determine the goals of the individual and society, and determine the features of the philosophy of life in society. There are many sources of Islamic values, the most prominent of which are the Holy Qur’an, the noble Sunnah of the Prophet, diligence, and custom. As for the transmitted interest, the directions of the positivist philosophy of values vary. Some of them looked at them based on judgement, rulings, or assessment. They differed as to who issues the ruling. Some of them said of the human being alone, and some of them said of the individual and society. They also disagreed on who issues the ruling or assessment. Some of them said of things. Some of them said about living things and things, and some of them applied, and some of them viewed them as judgments acquired from social conditions. There are many classifications of values in positive philosophies according to the multiplicity of schools and intellectual orientations of these philosophies. Some of them classified them into theoretical, economic, aesthetic, social, religious, and political values, and some of them classified them according to basic values. Severity and commitment. He distinguished between a mandatory value and a preferential value, and the dimension of diffusion or expansion, including collective values and individual values.